Efficiency standards

Errors in Boiler Efficiency Standards

This paper presents both criticism and suggested changes to boiler efficiency standards associated with fossil-fired steam generators. These standards include the widely used ASME PTC 4.1 and DIN 1942, and their replacements ASME PTC 4:2008 and the European EN 12952-15. For these standards it is useful to review both old and new. The chief criticism lies with inconsistent application of thermod...

Are Energy Efficiency Standards Justified?

This paper develops and parameterizes an overarching analytical framework to estimate the welfare effects of energy efficiency standards applied to automobiles and electricity-using durables. We also compare standards with sectoral and economywide pricing policies. The model captures a wide range of externalities and preexisting energy policies, and it allows for possible “misperceptions”—marke...

Standards Column -- Standards, Scalability, and the Efficiency of Digital Libraries

Energy efficiency and emissions intensity standards

We investigate the role of energy efficiency in rate-based emissions intensity standards, a particularly policy relevant consideration given the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Power Plan allows crediting of electricity savings as a means of complying with state-specific emissions standards. We show that for perfectly inelastic energy services demand, crediting efficiency measures can r...

Sampling Efficiency in Digital Camera Performance Standards

One of the first ISO digital camera standards to address image microstructure was ISO 12233, which introduced the SFR, spatial frequency response, based on the analysis of edge features in digital images. The SFR, whether derived from edges or periodic signals, describes the capture of image detail as a function of spatial frequency. Often during camera testing, however, there is an interest in...